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1.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 70(5): 1459-1467, set.-out. 2018. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-947088

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro and in vivo the effect of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on the caprine lentivirus (CLV) in colostrum and milk. This was performed to develop a practical and efficient method of blocking the lactogenic transmission of the virus. In the in vitro experiment, colostrum and milk were treated with 0.25%; 0.50% and 1% SDS. Then, somatic cells of colostrum and milk were submitted to co-culture with caprine synovial membrane cells (CSM). In the in vivo test, goats were fed with colostrum and milk provided from CLV-positive goats treated with SDS in the same concentrations used in the in vitro experiment. Animals were tested by nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) and Western blot (WB) assays. In the in vitro experiment, inhibitory activity against CLV without inactivation occurred in colostrum with all SDS concentrations. However, concentrations of 0.25 and 0.5% SDS presented only inhibitory activity against CLV in milk cells, and 1% concentration provided inactivation of the virus. In the in vivo tests, none of the three concentrations of SDS was effective in inactivating LVC in colostrum or goat milk, which was confirmed by seroconversion and presence of proviral DNA in animals afterwards.(AU)


O objetivo da pesquisa foi avaliar in vitro e in vivo o efeito do dodecil sulfato de sódio (SDS) sobre o lentivírus caprino (LVC) no colostro e no leite, a fim de desenvolver um método prático e eficiente no bloqueio da via de transmissão lactogênica do vírus. No experimento in vitro, o colostro e o leite de cabras positivas foram tratados com SDS a 0,25%, 0,50% e 1,0%. Em seguida, as células somáticas do colostro e do leite foram obtidas e direcionadas ao cocultivo com células de membrana sinovial caprina (MSC). No teste in vivo, os cabritos foram alimentados com colostro e leite providos de cabras positivas para LVC, tratados com SDS nas mesmas concentrações usadas no teste in vitro. Os animais foram acompanhados pelos testes de reação em cadeia da polimerase nested (nPCR) e western blot (WB). Nos resultados in vitro, no colostro, observou-se que, em todas as concentrações de SDS, ocorreu uma atividade inibitória contra o LVC, sem a inativação. Em relação às células do leite, o SDS apresentou, nas concentrações de 0,25 e 0,5%, atividade inibitória contra o LVC, e na concentração de 1%, houve inativação viral. Nos testes in vivo, as três concentrações de SDS testadas não foram efetivas na inativação do LVC no colostro e no leite caprino, o que se comprovou pela soroconversão e pela presença de DNA proviral nos animais.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Pregnancy , Colostrum/chemistry , Lentiviruses, Ovine-Caprine , Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate/analysis
2.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 69(2): 391-397, mar.-abr. 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-833836

ABSTRACT

With the objective of detecting the presence of caprine lentivirus (CLV) in ewe milk and in ram semen, ten matrixes and four reproducers experimentally infected with CLV were used. Samples of ewe milk were collected during the four months of lactation, five collections per animal, totaling 50 samples. Regarding the rams, eight semen collections were made per animal, during one year of experimentation, totaling 32 samples. The milk and semen samples were submitted to DNA extraction and the nested polymerase chain reaction test (nPCR) to detect CLV proviral DNA. Eight (16%) of the milk samples were positive in nPCR originating from two ewes. Only one (3.12%) semen sample was positive. The amplification products were sequenced, and were confirmed to be a CLV genomic sequence. Thus, the presence of CLV proviral DNA in sheep milk and semen was demonstrated, confirming the feasibility of infection between species, and alerting to the risk of spreading infections.(AU)


Com o objetivo de detectar a presença do lentivírus caprino (LVC) no leite de ovelhas e no sêmen de carneiros, utilizaram-se 10 matrizes e quatro reprodutores infectados experimentalmente com o LVC. Foram coletadas amostras de leite das ovelhas durante os quatro meses de lactação, ocorrendo cinco coletas por animal, totalizando 50 amostras. Quanto aos carneiros, realizaram-se oito coletas de sêmen por animal, durante um ano de experimentação, totalizando 32 amostras. As amostras de leite e de sêmen foram submetidas à extração de DNA e à prova de reação em cadeia da polimerase do tipo nested (nPCR) visando à detecção de DNA proviral do LVC. Oito (16%) amostras de leite foram positivas na nPCR oriundas de duas ovelhas. Apenas uma (3,12%) amostra de sêmen apresentou positividade. Produtos da amplificação foram sequenciados, confirmando-se tratar de sequência genômica do LVC. Dessa forma, demonstrou-se a presença do DNA proviral do LVC em leite e sêmen de ovinos, confirmando a viabilidade da infecção entre espécies e, assim, alertando sobre o risco de que a infecção seja disseminada.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Lentivirus/isolation & purification , Milk/virology , Ruminants/virology , Semen/virology , Disease Transmission, Infectious/veterinary , Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary
3.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 68(5): 1292-1300, set.-out. 2016. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-827885

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to isolate cells from the Wharton's jelly of umbilical cord (WJUC) of sheep collected during natural parturition using different culture media, in addition to reporting for the first time the permissiveness of these cells to in vitro infection by small ruminant lentiviruses. Ten umbilical cords were collected from healthy sheep. Each cord explants were grown in different media consisting of MEM, low glucose DMEM, M199, and RPMI-1640. The permissiveness of infection of sheep cells from WJUC was tested with CAEV-Cork and MVV-K1514 strains, inoculating 0.1 MOI of each viral strain. Four supernatants from each strain were obtained from WJUC sheep cell cultures infected in different media. The results demonstrated the presence of cytopathic effect after the in vitro infection by CAEV-Cork and MVV-K1514 with all of the tested culture media. Nested-PCR detected proviral DNA in all supernatants. Supernatants containing CAEV-Cork viruses had TCID 50/ml titres of 10 5.5 in MEM, 10 4.0 in low glucose DMEM, 105.0 in M199, and 10 5.7 in RPMI-1640. Supernatants containing the MVV-K1514 virus had TCID 50/ml titres of 10 4.3 in MEM, 10 3.5 in low-glucose DMEM, 10 4.7 in M199, and 10 3.5 in RPMI-1640. Sheep cells from WJUC are permissive to in vitro infection by small ruminant lentivirus.(AU)


O objetivo deste estudo foi isolar células da geleia de Wharton do cordão umbilical (GWCU) ovino coletado por ocasião do parto natural, utilizando-se diferentes meios de cultivo, além de relatar, pela primeira vez, sua permissividade à infecção in vitro por lentivírus de pequenos ruminantes (LVPRs). Dez cordões umbilicais foram coletados de ovelhas hígidas e soronegativas para LVPRs pelo teste de imunodifusão em gel de agarose (IDGA). De cada cordão, explantes foram cultivados em quatro meios distintos que consistiram em MEM, DMEM baixa glicose, meio 199 e RPMI-1640, todos acrescidos de 10% de soro fetal bovino em estufa com atmosfera úmida e 5% de CO2 a 37ºC. A permissividade de infecção das células GWCU ovino foi testada frente às cepas CAEV-Cork e MVV-K1514, inoculando-se 0,1 MOI de cada cepa viral e corando as monocamadas com May Grunwald Giemsa para visualização do efeito citopático. Foram obtidos quatro sobrenadantes CAEV-Cork e quatro MVV-K1514, provenientes do cultivo de células GWCU ovino infectadas por 21 dias em meios distintos, dos quais foram realizadas titulação em membrana sinovial caprina e extração do DNA pró-viral para realização de nested-PCR e eletroforese em gel de agarose a 2%. Os resultados demonstraram a presença de efeito citopático na infecção in vitro tanto por CAEV-Cork como por MVV-K1514 em todos os meios de cultivo, sendo visualizados sincícios e lise celular em microscópio invertido. A nested-PCR detectou o DNA pró-viral tanto do CAEV-Cork como do MVV-K1514 em todos os sobrenadantes. Os sobrenadantes contendo o vírus CAEV-Cork apresentaram títulos em TCID50/mL de 10 5,5 em MEM, 10 4,0 em DMEM baixa glicose, 10 5,0 em meio 199 e 10 5,7 em RPMI-1640. Os sobrenadantes contendo o vírus MVV-K1514 apresentaram título em TCID 50/mL de 10 4,3 em MEM, 10 3,5 em DMEM baixa glicose, 10 4,7 em meio 199 e 10 3,5 em RPMI-1640. Células GWCU ovino são permissivas à infecção in vitro pelos lentivírus de pequenos ruminantes CAEV-Cork e MVV-K1514.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Arthritis-Encephalitis Virus, Caprine , In Vitro Techniques/veterinary , Mesenchymal Stem Cells/pathology , Ruminants , Infections/veterinary , Lentiviruses, Ovine-Caprine , Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary
4.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 68(4): 931-937, jul.-ago. 2016. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: lil-792475

ABSTRACT

Systematic studies involving technologies such as surface electromyography (sEMG) may provide important data that enable veterinarians to recognize musculoskeletal, ligamentous, and neurological alterations. The aim of this study was to describe the gait cycle phases and the timing of muscle activation in healthy Boxer dogs during gait by means of sEMG. The gait cycle of seven Boxer dogs was evaluated and sEMG was recorded from the biceps brachii, triceps brachii, brachiocephalic, rectus femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, and superficial gluteal muscles of the right hemibody. Circular monopolar Ag/AgCl electrodes were attached to the mean point between the motor point and the muscle insertion. The electromyographic signals were collected by an active interface with 20-fold gain in a bipolar differential configuration using a 16-channel signal conditioner (EMG Systems Brasil), while the dogs walked on a treadmill at a speed of 2m/s. Pearson's correlation was used for the statistical analysis. A positive correlation was found between the rectus femoris and biceps brachii (r= 0.81); superficial gluteal and triceps brachii (r= 0.69); semitendinosus-semimembranosus and biceps brachii (r= 0.76); and rectus femoris and semitendinosus and semimembranosus muscle groups (r=0.99). The biceps brachii and brachiocephalic muscles work in tandem to position the thoracic limb during the gait cycle, while the semitendinosus-semimembranosus group flexes the knee and, simultaneously with the quadriceps that flexes the hip, prevents the contact of the pelvic limb with the ground during the swing phase. The body is propelled forward by the triceps brachii muscle, which extends the elbow and flexes the shoulder at the final contact, while the superficial gluteal muscle extends the hip.(AU)


Estudos sistemáticos que envolvem uso de tecnologias, como a eletromiografia de superfície (EMGs), podem fornecer dados importantes que capacitam os clínicos a diferenciar as alterações musculoesqueléticas, ligamentares ou neurológicas. Objetiva-se com este trabalho descrever as fases da marcha canina e o momento de ativação dos músculos de cães saudáveis da raça Boxer durante a marcha, por meio da eletromiografia de superfície. Avaliou-se a marcha de sete cães da raça Boxer, e o sinal elétrico da eletromiografia de superfície foi coletado do bíceps braquial, do tríceps braquial, do braquiocefálico, do reto femoral, do semitendinoso/semimembranoso e do glúteo superficial do hemicorpo direito. Os eletrodos monopolares circulares de prata com cloreto de prata (Ag/AgCl) foram posicionados no ponto médio entre a placa motora e a inserção desses músculos. Os sinais eletromiográficos foram capturados e adquiridos por uma interface ativa com ganho de 20x em configuração diferencial bipolar e por um condicionador de sinais (EMG Systems Brasil) de 16 canais, enquanto os cães caminharam em esteira com velocidade de 2m/s. Para análise estatística, foi aplicado teste de correlação de Pearson. Verificou-se correlação positiva entre os músculos retofemoral e bíceps braquial (r= 0,81); glúteo superficial e tríceps braquial (r= 0,69); semitendinoso/semimembranoso e bíceps braquial (r= 0,76); e entre o músculo reto femoral e o grupo muscular semitendinoso e semimembranoso (r=0,99). Os músculos bíceps braquial e braquiocefálico do mesmo membro trabalham em sinergia para posicionar o membro torácico durante o ciclo de marcha, enquanto o grupo muscular semitendinoso/semimembranoso flexiona o joelho e, simultaneamente com o quadríceps, que flexiona o quadril, impede que o membro pélvico entre em contato com o solo no balanço. Para impulsionar o corpo à frente, o músculo tríceps braquial estende o cotovelo e flexiona o ombro no contato final e o glúteo superficial estende o quadril.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Electromyography/veterinary , Gait , Muscles/physiology , Biomechanical Phenomena , Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena
5.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 35(11): 1373-1377, Nov. 2002. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-326257

ABSTRACT

The sleep-wake cycle of students is characterized by delayed onset, partial sleep deprivation and poor sleep quality. Like other circadian rhythms, the sleep-wake cycle is influenced by endogenous and environmental factors. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of different class starting times on the sleep-wake pattern of 27 medical students. The data were collected during two medical school semesters having different class starting times. All subjects answered the Portuguese version of the Horne and Östberg Morningness/Eveningness Questionnaire, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and kept a sleep diary for two weeks during each semester. Better sleep quality (PSQI = 5.3 vs 3.4), delayed sleep onset (23:59 vs 0:54 h) and longer sleep duration (6 h and 55 min vs 7 h and 25 min) were observed with the late schedule. We also found reduced sleep durations during weekdays and extended sleep durations during weekends. This pattern was more pronounced during the semester with the early class schedule, indicating that the students were more sleep deprived when their classes began earlier in the morning. These results require further investigation regarding the temporal organization of our institutions


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Circadian Rhythm , Sleep Deprivation , Sleep Stages , Students, Medical , Wakefulness , Surveys and Questionnaires , Time Factors
6.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 29(10): 1369-72, Oct. 1996. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-186188

ABSTRACT

The objetive of the present study was to investigate the circadian and the ultradian rhythms of drinking behavior in Wistar rats maintained under conditions of constant darkness. Six mature male rats (weighing 270-350 g) were exposed to light-dark 12:12-h cycles (LD 12:12, lights on at 12:00 h) for 35 days and then switched to constant darkness (DD) conditions for at least 2 weeks. Drinking behavior was monitored continuously with a standard drinkometer circuit and the data were stored in 5-min bins. A modification of Enright's periodogram technique was used to evaluate the free-running drinking behavior circadin rhythm. Ultradian rhythms in drinking behavior were estimated by the Fast Fouries Transform (FFT) technique. Two of the animals (rats 4 and 6) showed no statistically significant circadian or ultradian rhythms and the other four showed free-running drinking circardian rhythm behavior shorter than 24 h (ranging from 23.333 to 23.967 h). Ultradian rhythms of drinking behavior of 12- and 8-h periods were detected in 4 (rats 1, 2, 3 and 5) and 2 (rats 1 and 5) animals, respectively. The relation of the compound structure of the circadian and ultradian rhythms is discussed demonstrating that drinking behavior is a good marker for studies of physiology of temporal organization.


Subject(s)
Rats , Animals , Male , Activity Cycles/physiology , Circadian Rhythm/physiology , Darkness , Drinking Behavior/physiology , Rats, Wistar
7.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 51(4): 519-24, dez. 1993. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-127889

ABSTRACT

Fazemos breve revisäo das bases anatômicas e fisiopatológicas da síndrome do túnel do carpo, seu tratamento cirúrgico e suas complicaçöes. Relatamos os casos de duas pacientes que desenvolveram alteraçöes simpáticas como edema da mäo e problemas vasculares (fenômeno de Raynaud) para as quais ensaiamos uma explicaçäo, por nós denominada "denervaçäo, coincidindo com a retirada da imobilizaçäo do punho no 22§ dia pós-operatório


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Carpal Tunnel Syndrome/physiopathology , Retrospective Studies , Carpal Tunnel Syndrome/surgery , Carpal Tunnel Syndrome/complications
8.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 51(4): 525-8, dez. 1993. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-127890

ABSTRACT

A ocorrência de meningiomas císticos é incomum. As imagens destas lesöes obtidas pela tomografia computadorizada de crânio (TC) podem lembrar lesäo cística de origem glial ou metastática, sendo necessário realizarmos, além da TC, angiografia cerebral e ressonância magnética do crânio para firmarmos diagnóstico correto pré-operatório. O diagnóstico incorreto de glioma pode resultar em tratamento paliativo, ao invés da remoçäo radical desta neoplasia potencialmente curável. Três casos säo relatados, ilustrando o problema


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Middle Aged , Meningioma , Meningeal Neoplasms , Aged, 80 and over , Diagnosis, Differential , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
9.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 51(4): 554-9, dez. 1993. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-127897

ABSTRACT

Trata-se do relato do caso de paciente do sexo feminino, com 39 anos, politraumatizada, que desenvolveu quadro de diabetes insipidus. A paciente faleceu onze dias após sua internaçäo, período em que foram realizadas tomografia computadorizada e ressonância magnética, evidenciando lesöes hipotalâmicas características. Estes fatos nos estimularam revisar a literatura e chamar a atençäo para prevençäo de síndromes endócrinas que podem acometer secundária e tardiamente pacientes vítimas de traumatismo crânio-encefálico e que, se diagnosticadas e tratadas de maneira precoce, podem ter sua morbidade diminuída


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Brain Injuries/complications , Diabetes Insipidus/etiology , Brain Injuries/diagnosis , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
10.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 51(4): 560-2, dez. 1993. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-127898

ABSTRACT

Os autores relatam dois casos de presença de ar livre em hematoma extradural agudo. Trata-se de achado radiológico näo incomúm, mas que tem sido relatado infrequentemente na literatura


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Adult , Air , Brain Diseases , Hematoma , Brain Diseases/etiology , Hematoma/etiology , Skull Fractures/complications , Temporal Bone/injuries , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
11.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 51(2): 251-252, 1993.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-304954

ABSTRACT

The clinical aspects of the meningiomas are well described. However, there is an important number of reports on a variety of other lesions simulating meningioma, including the prostate cancer. The authors describe one additional patient with prostate cancer who at presentation had clinical and radiographic signs suggesting meningioma. The literature on the subject is reviewed and summarized.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Adenocarcinoma , Brain Neoplasms , Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology , Adenocarcinoma , Brain Neoplasms , Cerebral Angiography , Craniotomy , Diagnosis, Differential , Meningioma , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
12.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 51(2): 247-250, 1993.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-304955

ABSTRACT

Multiple intracranial meningiomas (MIM) may be a specific pathological entity. In general these lesions are associated with neurofibromatosis. The classical clinical picture of neurofibromatosis, as described by von Recklinghausen, may not necessarily be associated with MIM. This possibility is a direct result of the variable penetrability of chromosomic aberrations connected with the chromosome 22. Molecular studies of these tumors confirmed this finding. In our series of 108 patients with intracranial meningiomas only three cases were multiple. In only one of them external stigmata of von Recklinghausen's disease were detected. In the absence of skin manifestations of neurofibromatosis in patients with MIM it is very difficult to diagnosis von Recklinghausen's disease, and the so called "true multiple meningiomas". The authors believe that there are no justificative findings to consider MIM as an independent pathological entity.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Meningioma , Meningeal Neoplasms/pathology , Neurofibromatoses , Meningioma , Meningeal Neoplasms/surgery
13.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 51(2): 243-246, 1993.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-304956

ABSTRACT

Hematomas of the posterior fossa are an uncommon complication of head injury. Almost invariably they occur after trauma of the occiput, and are associated with skull fracture. Their diagnosis and management have been greatly improved by CT scanning. In the present series, the majority of patients had acute evolution indicating the potential hazard of conservative treatment. Our results (29% mortality) are similar to those previously reported in other series.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adult , Brain Injuries , Hematoma, Epidural, Cranial , Brain Injuries , Cranial Fossa, Posterior , Craniotomy , Glasgow Coma Scale , Hematoma, Epidural, Cranial , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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